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BLOOD TYPE

Blood typing is a method to tell what type of blood you have. Blood typing is done so you can safely donate your blood or receive a blood transfusion. It is also done to see if you have a substance called Rh factor on the surface of your red blood cells.
Your blood type is based on whether or not certain proteins are on your red blood cells. These proteins are called antigens. Your blood type (or blood group) depends on what types your parents passed down to you.

Blood is often grouped according to the ABO blood typing system. The 4 major blood types are:


Type A, Type B, Type AB, Type O

HOW THE TEST PERFORMED?

A blood sample is needed. The test to determine your blood group is called ABO typing. Your blood sample is mixed with antibodies against type A and B blood. Then, the sample is checked to see whether or not the blood cells stick together. If blood cells stick together, it means the blood reacted with one of the antibodies.

The second step is called back typing. The liquid part of your blood without cells (serum) is mixed with blood that is known to be type A and type B. People with type A blood have anti-B antibodies. People with type B blood have anti-A antibodies. Type O blood contains both types of antibodies.

The 2 steps above can accurately determine your blood type.

Rh typing uses a method similar to ABO typing. When blood typing is done to see if you have Rh factor on the surface of your red blood cells, the results will be one of these:

Rh+ (positive), if you have this cell surface protein Rh- (negative), if you do not have this cell surface protein

WHEN SHOULD I GET TESTED?

Blood typing is done so you can safely receive a blood transfusion or a transplant. Your blood type must closely match the blood type of the blood you are receiving. If the blood types do not match:

- Your immune system will see the donated red blood cells as foreign.
- Antibodies will develop against the donated red blood cells and attack these blood cells.

    • Why do I need this test?


  • Based on your results, your health care providers can determine which type of blood you can safely receive:
  • ✔If you have type A blood, you can only receive types A and O blood.
  • ✔If you have type B blood, you can only receive types B and O blood.
  • ✔If you have type AB blood, you can receive types A, B, AB, and O blood.
  • ✔If you have type O blood, you can only receive type O blood.
  • ✔If you are Rh+, you can receive Rh+ or Rh- blood.
  • ✔If you are Rh-, you can only receive Rh- blood.
Blood Type

Blood Type

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Note: The medical information provided here in this website is for informational purposes only and is not to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.